How Fuel Economy Works
Fuel economy is measured in miles per gallon (MPG) in the US or liters per 100 kilometers (L/100km) in most other countries. A car rated at 30 MPG uses 1 gallon of fuel for every 30 miles driven. Factors that affect real-world MPG include driving speed, terrain, weather, tire pressure, vehicle maintenance, and driving style. Highway driving typically yields 10–20% better MPG than city driving due to fewer stops and consistent speeds.
Saving Money on Fuel
Small changes add up: maintaining proper tire pressure improves MPG by up to 3%. Removing excess weight (100 lbs reduces MPG by about 1%), driving at moderate highway speeds (55–60 mph is optimal for most cars), and avoiding aggressive acceleration all help. Carpooling or ride-sharing splits fuel costs across passengers. Over a year of commuting, even a 2 MPG improvement can save hundreds of dollars.